Battle of the Atlantic: September 3, 1939 to May 8, 1945. Approximately 80,000 Jewish DPs entered the United States between 1948 and 1952 under the Displaced Persons Act. Why was Hitler happy that the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor? B. The Refugee Act of 1980 remains in effect. Dwight D. Eisenhower was made Supreme Commander of Allied Forces following A. gave orders to surrender. "The U.S. manufacturing sector produced less than the Axis powers did." The photographs and graphs in this gallery support the conclusion that The new Protocol expanded the responsibilities to all refugees from any part of the world and at any time, but still allowed nations to define for themselves how they would assess refugee status. "The government issued a defense contract with our company, but we were not guaranteed a profit." The United Nations was formed after World War II as the successor to which failed organization? "As the war continued, the economy weakened, leaving most working American families poor." D) Hitler designated certain areas of the country as ghettoes to house the Jewish population. "Despite government defense contracts, corporate profits remained stagnant through the 1940s." Why was the United States reluctant to launch a land invasion of Japan? With the support of President Gerald Ford, Congress passed a law in 1975 to allow more than 130,000 South Vietnamese and Cambodians to enter the United States, and President Jimmy Carter permitted 15,000 refugees who had escaped southeast Asia by boat to become permanent US residents in 1977. Today, it has become far more than a parallel. Why was Roosevelt's "Quarantine" speech in 1937 widely criticized by Americans at the time? He believed that cutting off Germany's shipping routes on the Atlantic was the key to winning the war. c.) Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps as a result of Executive Order 9066, which B. D) the state sponsored attack on German Jews in 1938. The Convention does not specify how signatories determine or assign refugee status. Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. The main function of the federal Office of War Information was to A. Choose the statement that best reflects the experience of women as a social group after the United States entered World War II. ____________________ Petra prefers water-skiing and is quite good at it. D. Japanese Americans recruited from internment camps in the Southwest, Which promise made at the Yalta Conference did Stalin ultimately renege on? Main telephone: 202.488.0400 U.S. code breakers had intercepted the Japanese plans. A. Roosevelt placed an embargo on Japan. Why did the Allies refuse to bomb railway lines to the Nazi death camps? Pressure from China, a.) it bought U.S. forces more time to focus on the war in Europe. C. opposition to policies requiring racial segregation of factory workers. D) pressuring Germany into providing financial reparations to victims of the Holocaust. Also included are biographies of the fieldworkers who conducted and arranged the interviews, complete transcripts of the interviews, related manuscripts, and original disc sleeves. Example directobject\underline{\color{#c34632}{direct~ object}}directobject 1. D. After Germanys annexation of Austria and with the advice of the State Department, a group of Jewish congressmen met and decided not to introduce any new legislation to expand immigration to aid Jewish refugees. It granted Germany a testing ground for new technology. his heroic conduct in Guam and the Philippines. "We began a civil rights campaign to achieve both a victory in Europe and a victory over racism in the U.S.", Choose the statement that best reflects the experiences of Japanese Americans after the United States entered World War II. D. the establishment of internment camps for resident aliens. The Act, which authorized 200,000 displaced persons to enter the United States, mortgaged the still-extant 1924 immigration quotas, allowing up to 50% of future quota spaces to be used on behalf of displaced persons, with few exceptions. Wallace would later become a crucial part of the US Navy, and serve as a Corpsman in the Pacific Theater. With war already raging in Asia, the invasion sparked a global conflict that lasted until 1945. In a December 1945 Gallup poll, only 5% of Americans were willing to accept more European immigrants than the nation had prior to the war. In the twenty years following 1945, there was a broad political consensus concerning the Cold War and anti-Communism. b.) In most cases, the recordings were digitized by Library of Congress staff directly from the discs on which they were originally recorded. B. the Tripartite Pact D) all of the Allies suffered economically due to the war. School Mayland Community College; Course Title HISTORY HIS 131; Uploaded By BailiffPelicanPerson609. c.) D. General Marshall was too valuable to remove from his position as Army Chief of Staff. Five other European states joined the Axis alliance during World War II. A second set of recordings, in which the interviewees were asked to address their thoughts and opinions on the attack and the declaration of war directly to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was made under the auspices of the Office of Emergency Management in January and February 1942. In 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, creating World War IIs Axis powers. The new law reflected anti-Catholic, antisemitic sentiment in the country. A. D.Did not destroy all aircraft carriers/ did not declare war first. A. acknowledged The United Nations Refugee Protocol of 1967 established the current international norms for defining and dealing with refugees, and 146 countries, including the United States, have signed this protocol. B. the refusal of the U.S. to trade any natural resources with Japan. The US military was not prepared to fight a global war in 1941. Even as the war consumed large portions of Europe and Asia in the late 1930s . The United States officially enters World War I. April 6, 1917: Two days after the U.S. Senate voted 82 to 6 to declare war against Germany, the U.S. House of Representatives endorses the . B. Interventionists thought aid would bring us into war; isolationists thought aid would keep us out of the war. Why was Stalin more supportive of an Allied invasion of France than Roosevelt and Churchill? At the Potsdam Conference, the A. published this 12-page pamphlet after the U.S. had entered World War II. D) The United States considered them enemy combatants. Under President Woodrow Wilson, the United States remained neutral until 1917 and then entered the war on the side of the Allied powers (the United Kingdom, France, and Russia). D. Many Americans believed the Soviet Union posed a greater threat than the Nazis or the Japanese. Students incorporate new evidence from the history of the Weimar era into the position they are developing. Designed for California 10th grade world history courses, this unit guides students through a study of the Holocaust and the Armenian Genocide that focuses on choices and human behavior. b.) ", c.) One event leading up to World War II was implementing the Nuremberg Laws which refused German citizenship to Jews. B. was killed by Soviet troops. For each word at the left, complete the four derivatives indicated. A. Isolationists thought aid would bring us into war; interventionists thought aid would keep us out of the war. Examine the history of the United States' entrance into World War II following the attack on Pearl Harbor. "Over 90% of us were relocated against our will to assembly centers during the war." The 1941 recordings were made as a part of the the Library of Congress' Radio Research Project. Invite students to reflect on why it matters who tells our stories as they view a documentary film about the profound courage and resistance of the Oyneg Shabes in the Warsaw ghetto. American soldiers could not get close enough to Japan to launch an effective invasion. By the time the United States entered World War II, it had already been providing aid to areas threatened by Axis powers. B. After the United States entered World War II, immigrants from which of the following countries became eligible for U.S. citizenship? Those men held power by selling everyone else a myth: The biggest threat to workers like you are . Not all Americans participated equally in these expanding life opportunities and in the growing economic prosperity. Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. World War II's longest continuous campaign takes place, with the Allies striking a naval blockade against Germany and igniting a struggle . B. D) the signing of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. They feature a wide diversity of opinion concerning the war and other social and political issues of the day, such as racial prejudice and labor disputes. D. The 1951 Convention defines the obligations of signatory nations to refugees, and vice versa. Choose the statement that best reflects the experiences of African Americans after the United States entered World War II. C. generate support for the war effort and boost morale through the media. The 1967 United Nations Refugee Protocol expanded the 1951 Refugee Convention, which had originally limited the definition of refugee to people who had been displaced in Europe prior to 1951. b.) . B. less denouncement laborers migrated from Mexico to work on farms in the West. purchasing government war bonds. C. cooperating in trials to bring former Nazis to justice In the Soviet Union, a "cult of personality" developed around Stalin. a.) They mobilized all their armored divisions in Italy for a supposed invasion there. A) the war in Europe was over. What was the importance of the Lend-Lease Act? C. After the United States entered World War II, the military's needs quickly brought on a nursing shortage. C) victory over Germany and Japan Article 19 explains that people in all countries should be able to C. an African American air squadron that conducted bombing raids over Europe. He warned that there were "hard and bitter days ahead," but pledged that the United States and its allies would "have Ukraine's back" as the war . Before World War II and the Holocaust, American law made very little distinction between refugees forced to flee their countries due to persecution, and immigrants seeking a better life. laborers migrated from Mexico to work in factories in the North. To seize islands vital to Japanese transportation and communication State Department officials could advise a potential immigrant on the probability that he/she would be allowed to enter due to health or economic status, but entry decisions were made upon disembarking in the United States. World War II changed both the type of work women did and the volume at which they did it. C) The Nazis outlined their plan to systematically exterminate the Jewish population. American officials were concerned that unfriendly governments would use family members as hostages or bargaining chips to coerce immigrants to commit acts of sabotage or espionage. It would require fewer resources and pave the way for an Allied invasion of Italy. Public opinion was more in line with Congress than Truman: an April 1948 poll showed that 53% of Americans disapproved of the plan to allow 200,000 displaced persons to enter, compared with 40% who approved. The Senate passed a bill on June 2, 1948, the House passed another on June 11, and a hurried compromise ensued, finally reaching the president on the final day of the congressional session. D. d.) "We arranged sit-ins and other protests around Washington, D.C., as a part of our Double V Campaign." C. By capturing nearby islands, the U.S. could install military bases to keep Japan in check. Insisting that a penny saved is a penny earned, Benjamin Franklin was well known for his___ ways. On April 30, 1945, Adolf Hitler B) the coup which put Hitler into power in 1933. banned resident aliens from owning property. B. In these past few yearsand, most violently, in the past three dayswe have learned a terrible lesson. A. Japanese attacks on U.S. ships trading with China. d.) What events is the preamble referring to in this excerpt? c.) For this reason, the Library has edited the Washington, D.C., audiotapes and transcripts to remove interviewee names. Japan targeted civilian populations when they dropped bombs on the Allied Powers. Its involvement culminated in using newly American invented nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to defeat Imperial Japan in the Pacific War. Although the war began with Nazi Germany's attack on Poland in September 1939, the United States did not enter the war until after the Japanese bombed the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. . Usually it refers to the period when the United States and other members of the SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization) joined the forces with the Republic of South Vietnam to contest communist forces, comprised of South Vietnamese guerrillas and regular-force units, generally known as Viet Cong (VC), and . How were the Allies able to keep the planned invasion at Normandy a secret from the Nazis? On August 9, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill first met aboard the cruiser USS Augusta. C. D. supreme. . ", Why did the three major Alliesthe United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Unionwant to launch a "second front" in Europe? C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. We expect to eliminate the danger from Japan, but it would serve us ill if we accomplished that and found that the rest of the world was dominated by Hitler and Mussolini. C. Passive ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." The image and reality of overall economic prosperity--and the upward mobility it provided for many white Americans--was not lost on those who had largely been excluded from the full meaning of the American Dream, both before and after the war. What was the main result of the Wannsee Conference in January 1942? preventing Soviet intervention in the region. d.) D. the Maginot Line. On July 1, 1941, the same day that the new relatives rule went into effect, the State Department centralized all alien visa control in Washington. It relied too heavily on air support. What major advantage did the United States possess over the Soviet Union following the war? B. B) instituted the systematic extermination of German Jews. A.It stated the United States would only accept an unconditional surrender of Germany. Hitler 's greatest strategic disadvantage in opposing the Allies' imminent reentry into Europe lay in the immense stretch of Germany 's conquests, from the west coast of France to the east coast of Greece. d.) d.) . To divide the German army General Patton had already turned down the position. B. boost the morale of troops by sending popular entertainers overseas. C) She maintains an optimistic view of humankind. designated certain areas as war zones. What is the World War II? After the United States entered World War II: a) Americans saw little military action for the first few months of 1942. b) Americans immediately won several key battles. B.It showed the United States clearly supported the Allies. C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. Based on this graph and your knowledge of history, the growth in U.S. employment was sparked by A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 2 . Visual evidence of the Holocaust, shown in popular magazines, newspapers and movie theater newsreels, did not change Americans minds towards immigration or refugees. If a sentence has no predicate adjective, write None on the line provided. The most pressing threat, the Allieds decided in the beginning, was Hitler's Germany. On December 8, Joseph Goebbels described Adolf Hitler as exceptionally happy when he learned the news. Our headquarters are located at: 89 South Street, Suite 401, Boston, MA 02111. a.) In exchange, refugees must abide by the laws and regulations of the country of asylum. In the next 20 years, the Cold War spawned many tensions between the two superpowers abroad and fears of Communist subversion gripped domestic politics at home. Flushed with their success against Germany and Japan in 1945, most Americans initially viewed their place in the postwar world with optimism and confidence. Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution, a world which still seemed to have no place for them. The 1953 Refugee Relief Act defined refugee (someone in a non-Communist country fleeing persecution), escapee (someone fleeing communism), and expellee" (an ethnic German forced out of Eastern Europe). a.) B) They needed the railway lines to expedite the delivering of supplies to the front lines. Which area on the map received the MOST aid from the U.S. prior to 1942? Both collections are included in this presentation. Other countries fared worse: Poland, with a prewar Jewish population of 3.5 million, had a quota of 6,524, and Romania, with a Jewish population of nearly a million, had a quota of 377. Copyright 2023 Facing History & Ourselves. C. make certain that the United States would stay neutral. When World War I broke out across Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the United States would remain neutral, and many Americans supported . D. flying more successful bombing missions over Japan than any other pilot in the war. After World War I, America became an isolationist nation. ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. Several bills were introduced to aid refugees; many more were introduced to curb or end immigration. C. In 1950, Congress amended the Displaced Persons Act, an amendment Truman signed with very great pleasure. The Act authorized a total of 400,744 visas for displaced persons (of which 172,230 had been issued in the previous two years) and removed the geographical and chronological limits which had discriminated against Jewish DPs. It would force the Axis to retreat from Stalingrad and give the Soviets a chance to regroup. B. economic equality China. Students connect themes from the film to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's concept of single stories," and then consider what it would take to tell more equitable and accurate narratives. C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. The United States declares war against Japan. What did the Nazi-Soviet pact accomplish for Germany? C. a.) B) setting up a National Holocaust Museum. D. Japan feeling threatened by the U.S. presence in Asia and the Pacific. C) creating a military tribunal to punish those who participated in the Nazi genocide. C) the creation of the International Monetary Fund. Before the Holocaust, approximately how much of Europe's Jewish population lived in Poland? They believed Germany would be easily defeated, freeing up forces to join the conflict in the Pacific. Allied forces strategy during World War II. The United States responded in kind, and therefore entered World War II. 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